Wrench



Dec. 8, 1931. F 1 CARNELLJ 1,835,465

WRENCH Filed April 5o, 1930 aux wn" JWM/wey Patented Dec. 8, 1931 FRANCIS J'. CARNELLI, 0F NEW YORK, N. Y.

WREN GH Application led April 30, 1930. Serial No. 448,640.

This invention relates to Wrenches particularly adapted for turning pipes and the like, but obviously can be used for engaging nuts or bolts; and is of the type known in the trade. as a Stillson wrench.

he main object of the invention is to provide improvements in the means for ad- ,ljjusting and holding the movable jaw mem- A further object of the invention is to provide a wrench of this character, in which the threaded shank that carries the movable jaw is advanced by turning a nut, with improved means for retaining the nut in the transverse socket on removal of the jaw and shank.

Another object of the invention is to provide an improved form of spring and nut, in which both the nut and the spring will be retained in the socket bore on removal of the movable aw member. Y

In the accompanying drawings showing one embodiment of my invention.

Figure l is a side elevation.

Fig. 2 is a plan view.

Fig. 3 is a vertical section at one end.

Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the handle jaw portion.

Fig. 5 shows the nut detached.

Fig. 6 shows the spring detached.

s shown in the drawings the handle 2 is provided with the usual end jaw face 3, that is slightly inclined; and is further provided with a lateral extension 4, at the jaw end. This extension has a bore 5 extending in the direction of the handle axis, and is somewhat oblong in section. The other jaw membr comprises a flattened shank 6 that has screw threads on two of its sides, to receive a nut 7 that turns thereon; and at one end of the shank is a jaw 8. The shank 6 is slidable in the extension bore 5 that will bring the jaw 8 opposite the ether jaw 3 to approach and recede as the shank slides in the eXtension bore.

The extension 4 is further provided with a cross bore 9, that intersects the shank bore 5, and is made wider to provide shoulders at 10 and 11 towards the end of the shank; and is also provided with shoulders 12 and 13 at the opposite end of the bore. This cross bore will permit insertion of the nut 7, whose aperture will be brought to register with the bore 5, and then the shank 6 is inserted in the outer end of the bore 5 to engage movement towards and from the other jaw on turning of the nut 7.

It will be understood that the usual pressure between the two jaws will tend to move the shank outward, and this will be limited by the engagement of the curved face 14 of the nut with the shoulders l0 and 11 of the extension bore. This engaging face 14 of the nut is preferably made curved or spherical, to facilitate its swinging on these engaging faces.

Means are nut 7 against these shoulders 10 and 11, and which will also tend to swing the shank to cause approach of the opposed jaws. A coil spring 19 is provided between the rear face further provided to retainfthe i.

of the nut 7 and the rear shoulders 12 and 13,

the nut 7 being shoulder 15 at spring 19. The engage the outer preferably provided with a its rear end to receive the spring may have its end 20 edge of the rear wall 12 on one side,l while the other extremity 21 of the P spring passes rearward and engages the outer opposite edge of the rear wall 13 as shown. It will be seen that this spring will press the nut forward tending to hold its curved face 14 against the shoulders 10 and 11. This rear wall at 12 and 18 of the extension is shown inclined rearwardly toward the handle, and with the opposite end, convolutions of the spring being made parallel, it will tend to tilt the move the jaw 8 inwardly or toward the hanthreaded shank 6, and 5 spring removably inserted dle jaw 3. It will be further seen that the nut is engaged at its rear shoulder by the coil spring, so that when the shank 6 is moved entirely forward on turning the nut, the nut will still be held inside of the extension, and not fall out; but at the same time can be easily inserted and removed on compression of the coil spring.

1t will be understood that the usual pin on which the frame is carried is omitted and its function is performed by the spherical end of the nut engaging an inner wall or shoulders of the jaw member, or handle element of the wrench. Working with this is the coil with the nut, which puts pressure on the outer edge of the nut and serves to place the initial tension on the movable jaw, that renders it more efficient in getting that initial hold of the pipe which permits the handle to turn on its fulcrum, and supply sufficient pressure on the pipe so that it can be turned. This spring has two other functions also; if the movable jaw is turned outof the nut,v it holds the nut in the wrench against accidental removal; intentional removal is easily possible by pressingv lown and then ejecting sidewise. The second. function of the spring is to keep continual pressure on the nut holding it in its seat, that reduces the amount of play in the wrench itself, and will reduce the amount of handle movement in taking the next grip. With wear on the threads, both internal and external, the nut tends to become loose, so that with ordinary pipe wrench it is sometimes necessary to hold the nut with one hand While moving the wrench, so that the opening adjustment of the wrench will not change between the time of setting the wrench opening and applying it to the pipe. The invention essentially comprises a four part wrench having true wrench characteristics, including adjustability for pipe sizes, full bearing at the nut, variable-angle at the movable jaw, initial pressure on the jaws, spring pressure on the nut to keep it taken up at all times, and to keep nut adjustment where set irrespective of. nut wear, detachable retainer for the nut, with cam pressure on the pipe to set the jaws.

'It is to be understood, that while I have described in detail one practical embodiment of my invention,it can be altered in the form, relation arrangement and construction of the parts, and modifications can be made within the perview of the invention, without departing from without departing from the spirit and nn- A ort of the invention.

What I claim is zl. ln a wrench, a handle bar, a fixed jaw at the forward end of the handle bar an extension on the back of the forward portion of the handle bar and provided with a slot extending transversely through the exthe scope of the claims, and' tension to form spaced lugs, said slot having its forward wall arranged to form a nut seat, said spaced lugs having aligned slots therein, a threaded shank slidable and tiltable in the slots of said lugs, a jaw on the forward end of said shank, a nut rotatable on the shank in said first slot and bearing against the forward wall of said first slot, and a coiled spring surrounding the shank and bearing at one end on the nut and at its other end on the rear wall of the first slot said rear wall being inclined and arranged to tilt the forward end of the shank toward the fixed jaw.

2. In a wrench, ahandle bar, a fined jaw at the forward end of the handle bar, an extension on the back of the forward portion of the handle bar and provided with 4a slot extending transversely through the extension to form spaced lugs, said slot having its for ward wall arranged to form a nut seat, and its rear wall inclined forwardly from the handle bar outwardly, said spaced lugs having aligned slots therein, a threaded shank slid.- able and tiltable in the slots of said lugs, a jaw on the forward end of said shank, a nut rotatable on the shank in said first slot and bearing against the forward wall of said first slot, and a coiled spring surrounding the shank and bearing at one end of the nut and at its other end on the rear wall of the first slot and arranged to tilt the forward end of the lshank toward the fixed jaw.

3. ln a wrench,v a handle bar, a fixed jaw at the forward end of the handle bar, an extension on the back of the forward portion of the handle bar and provided with a slot extending transversely through the extension to form spaced lugs, said slot having its forward wall arranged to form a nut seat, said spaced lugs having aligned slots therein, a t ireaded shank slidable and tiltable in the slots of said lugs, a jaw on the forward end of said shank, a nut rotatable in the shank in said first slot and bearing against the forward wall of said first slot, and a coiled spring surrounding the shank and bearing at one end on the nut and at its other end on the rear wall of the first slot said rear wall being inclined and arranged to tilt the forward end of the shank toward the fixed jaw, said nut having an .annular shoulder at its rear end forming a seat for the forward end of said spring.

4. ln a wrench, a handle bar, a fixed jaw at the forward end of the handle bar, an ei:- tension on the back of the forward portion of the handle bar and provided with a slot extending transversely through the extension to form spaced lugs, said slot having its forward wall arranged to form .a nut seat and its rear wall inclined forwardly from the handle bar outwardly, said spaced lugs having aligned slots therein, a threaded shank slidable and tiltable in the slots of said lugs,

a jaw on the forward end of said shank, a nut rotatable on the shank in said first slot and bearing against the forward wall of said first slot, and a coiled spring Vsurrounding the shank and bearing at one end of the nuty and at its other end on the rear wall of the first slot and arranged to tilt the forward end of the shank toward the fixed jaw, said nut having .an annular shoulder at its rear end forming a seat for the forward end of said spring.

5. In a wrench, a handle bar, a fixed jaw at the forward end of the handle bar, an extension on the back of the forward portion of the handle bar and provided with a slot extending transversely through the extension to forni spaced lugs, said slot having its forward wall arranged to forni a nut seat, said spaced lugs having aligned slots therein, a threaded shank slidable and tiltable in the slots of said lugs, a jaw on the forward end of said shank, a nut rotatable in the shank in said first slot and bearing against the forward wall of said first slot, and a coiled spring surrounding the shank and bearing at one end on the nut and at its other end on the rear wall of the first slot said rear wall being inclined and arranged to tilt the forward end of the shank toward the fixed jaw, said nut having an annular shoulder at its rear end forming a seat for the forward end of said spring, said nut further having a seg1nento-spherical forward face engaging the forward wall of the first slot.

6. In a wrench, a handle bar, a fixed jaw at the forward end of the handle bar, an extension on the back of the forward portion of the handle bar and provided with a slot extending transversely through the extension to form spaced lugs, said slot having its forward wall arranged to forrn a nut seat and its rear wall inclined forwardly from the handle bar outwardly, said spaced lugs having aligned slots therein, a threaded shank slidable and tilt-able in the slots of said lugs, a jaw on the forward end of said shank, a nut rotatable on the shank in said first slot and bearing against the forward wall of said first slot, and a coiled spring surroundingV the shank and bearing at one end ofthe nut and at its other end on the rear wall of the first slot and arranged to tilt the forward end of the shank toward the fixed jaw, said nut having an annular shoulder at its rear end forming a seat for the forward end of said spring, said nut further having a segmentospherical forward face engaging the forward wall of the first slot.

7. In a wrench, a handle bar, a fixed jaw at the forward end of the handle bar, an extension on the back of the forward portion of the handle bar and provided with a slot extending transversely through the extension to forni spaced lugs, said slot having its forward wall arranged to form a nut seat, said spaced lugs having aligned slots therein, a threaded Yshank slidable and tiltable in the slots of said lugs, a j aw on the forward end of said shank, a nut rotatable in the shank in said first slot and bearing against the forward wall of said first slot, a coiled spring surrounding the shank and bearing at one end on the nut and at its other end on the rear wall of the first slot said rear wall being inclined and arranged to tilt the forward end of the shank toward the fixed jaw, said nut having an annular shoulder at its rear end forming a seat for the forwardl end of said spring, said nut further having a segmento-spherical forward face engaging the forward wall of the first slot, and ineans to prevent rotation of the spring on the shanl 8. In a wrench, a handle bar, a fixed jaw at the forward end of the handle bar, an extension on the back of the forward portion of the handle bar and provided with a slot extending transversely through the extension to form spaced lugs, said slot having its forward wall arranged to form a nut seat and its rear wall inclined forwardly from the handle bar outwardly, said spaced lugs having aligned slots therein, a threaded shank slidable and tilt-able in the slots of said lugs, a jaw on the forward end of said shank, a` nut rotatable on the shank in said first slot and bearing against the forward Wall of said first slot, and a coiled spring surrounding the shank and bearing at one end of the nut and at its other end on the rear wall of the first slot and arranged to tilt the forward end of the shank toward the fixed jaw, said nut having an annular shoulder at its rear end forining a seat for the forward end of said spring, said nut furt-her having a segmento-spherical forward face engaging the forward wall of the first slot, said spring having its ends arranged to bear against opposite sides of the extension and thereby prevent rotation of the spring on the shank.

Signed at New York City, N. Y., on April FRANCIS J. CARNELLI.

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